Venezuela
Venezuela is a country in South America. Venezuela borders Guyana, Brazil and Colombia. North of the Venezuelan coast to the Caribbean islands are Aruba, the Netherlands Antilles and Trinidad and Tobago.
History
Venezuela was the first permanent Spanish colony in South America in 1522 and most of the current Venezuela was later placed under the Viceroyalty New Granada. The country achieved independence from Spain in 1821 under the leadership of Simón Bolívar. After the independence of Venezuela included in the Federation of Gran Colombia together with Colombia, Panama and Ecuador to 1830, when Venezuela broke out and became an independent republic.
Geography
Venezuela has many different types of landscape. In the northwest and along the Caribbean coast in the north is an offshoot of the Andes, where the highest point is Pico Bolivar (5007 m). In the northwest are also lowlands around the lake Maracaibo and the Gulf of Venezuela. Middle of the country are great plains, called llanos, “which stretches from the border with Colombia and the Orinoco River delta. South of the country lies Guyanahøjsletterne and Salto del Angel, the world’s highest waterfall.
The climate is tropical and generally hot and humid. On the plateaus the temperature and humidity to be more moderate.
The capital Caracas is the largest city in the country. Other major cities are Maracaibo, Barquisimeto, Valencia, Maracay, and Ciudad Guayana.
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