Portugal
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About Portugal
Portugal is a country on the Iberian peninsula in southern Europe. It is bordered to the north and east to Spain and is otherwise surrounded in the west and south Atlantic. In the Atlantic, lie the two Portuguese archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores.
Maritime transport has always been important to the Portuguese economy and in 1400-century, began an expansionary period when the country organized several expeditions. Portuguese ships were moving gradually further south along the west coast of Africa, and in 1488 topped a ship led by Bartolomeu Dias for the first time the Cape of Good Hope. These expeditions did that Portugal could secure colonies in Brazil and in the Indian Ocean.
In the second half of 1500-century began a downturn in Portugal with epidemics and population decline. In 1580 the country came into personal union with Spain under King Philip 2nd of Spain. In 1640 led a rebellion to the country again became independent. The economy, however, was poor and in the 1700s the country was closely linked to England. This was also a period of political instability.
At the end of the 1800s fought willing to reform and conservative groups against each other. A Republican public opinion grew and in an assassination attempt in 1908 was the king and crown prince killed. The country declared itself a republic in 1910, but governments are weak because of the bad economy. In the period 1910-1925, Portugal had 40 different governments, and 18 revolutions and coup attempts. In 1926, another military coup took place and Portugal was a dictatorship under the dictator Salazar forward to 1974. The dictatorship was overthrown in another military coup in 1974 and democratic reforms were initiated. After 1976 onwards had socialist Mario Soares a major responsibility for the stable democratic development. Soares became president in 1986 and was led Portugal into the EU.
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