Liechtenstein
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Liechtenstein is a principality located between Switzerland and Austria. Liechtenstein is Europe’s only double landlocked country, and the only German speaking country that has not directly bordering with Germany.
The Principality is a constitutional monarchy. Liechtenstein has 11 municipalities. The capital is Vaduz, where also the Prince’s houses. Liechtenstein has the world’s highest per capita gross. capita of 162,000 Swiss francs (2006).
History of Liechtenstein
Principality has arisen through an acquisition by the wealthy family Schellenberg (1699) and the County of Vaduz (1712) of Prince familen Liechtenstein. The family can be traced back to 12th century, and the name, the family from Burg Liechtenstein in Mödling in Lower Austria at the Austrian capital Vienna. In 1719 struck the emperor dettysk Roman Empire Charles 6th the two fields together and elevated it into an autonomous principality and gave it name from the Prince of Liechtenstein.
During the coalition war in 1799 was first occupied the principality of France later by Austria. At the conclusion of the German-Roman Empire in 1806 after Napoleon’s occupation of large parts of the kingdom was Liechtenstein, 12 June 1806 entered into Confederation of the Rhine as a sovereign state and was from 1815 a part of the German federation was formed at the Congress of Vienna. In 1862, signed by Prince Johann second a constitutional monarchy constitution to prevent a revolution. From 1866, Liechtenstein was an independent and neutral state. In 1868, disbanded the military for economic reasons.
Until the first World War I, Liechtenstein was through a mutual agreement closely linked to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Since this in 1918 disintegrated, Liechtenstein was closely associated with Switzerland. Liechtenstein then introduced the Swiss francs as currency and were from 1923 in the Swiss customs. From 1924 was Liechtenstein’s diplomatic representation through Swiss diplomacy.
The Constitution of 1921 was the principality a constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary form of government. During the second World War, Liechtenstein – and Switzerland – because of its location and the political neutrality spared occupation and acts of war. Liechtenstein experienced then – favored by the customs union with Switzerland, the low tax and neutrality – a business upturn.
In 1984, women gained the right to vote, and in 1990, Liechtenstein was a member of the UN.
In 1992 came the so-called “state crisis”. Prince Hans-Adam 2nd would conduct its vote on participation in the EEA before Switzerland, to ensure a favorable outcome. The government and the parliament voted for participation, but insisted on a vote after Switzerland. Hans-Adam 2nd threatened to dismiss the government, dissolve the Landtag and reign through NECESSITY. Under pressure from the people gave the head of state after the vote and was laid before the vote in Switzerland. Prime crisis led to a decade-long constitutional debate.
While Switzerland will vote rejected a record within the EEA as a significant majority voted in Liechtenstein, and the country joined the EEA on 1 May 1995. The membership has been very important development of financial firms based in Liechtenstein.
In 2003 came after intense controversy, a new Constitution in force, which was endorsed by the people. The political opponents believed that the balance of power in the country forskubbedes in favor of monarchy. Thus sovereignty distributed equally among the people and the prince.
On 15 August 2004 appointed Prince Hans-Adam the second his son and Crown Prince Alois von Liechtenstein as his deputy.
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