Latvia
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Republic of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Republika) is a country in northeastern Europe. The country borders the Baltic Sea and is one of the three Baltic countries, Estonia and Lithuania, which is Latvia’s neighbors to the north and south. In the east the country borders on Russia and Belarus.
Latvian history.
Latvia (Latvian: Latvija) was first a specific geographic area after independence in 1918. Before that time, Latvia was mainly divided into regions, Livonia, Courland, Zemgale, Letgallen (Latgale) and cities with privileged rights. Regions and cities administrative sizes have over the past centuries changed.
After the German bishop Albert went ashore in 1201 and founded Riga, the area was dominated by the Teutonic Order until 1500-century. Then beat Poland-Lithuania greater influence. In 1621 Livonia was conquered by the Swedish King Gustav second Adolf and it was Swedish in 1629. At the end of the 1600s drove Kurland pitfalls in Eidsvoll and Kongsberg, Norway. The Duchy of Courland remained independently. After the Battle of Poltava in 1709 Livonia was Russian, and Courland followed in 1795.
On 18 November 1918 Latvia proclaimed its independence (de facto) from Russia and received his freedom (de jure) 11 August 1920 after the Latvian war for independence. In 1934 conducted by Ulmanis dictatorship. On 17 June 1940 the country was occupied by Soviet forces and became a Soviet republic as a result of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact. 1941 Latvia was invaded by Nazi Germany and was only freed again in 1945 by the Soviet troops who kept the country filled to 21 August 1991, when it again became independent.
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