Kyrgyzstan
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Kyrgyzstan, officially the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, formerly also Kyrgyzstan is a mountainous country in Central Asia between China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The capital is Bishkek. The country was a Soviet republic until the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. The country’s young democracy was stable under former President Askar Akajev in the 1990s but has since moved towards autocracy and authoritarianism. After the revolution in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 drew president Akajev pulled out, and the political situation in the country is currently uncertain.
Kyrgyz history conducted by Kyrgyz and Chinese historians back to 201 BC The earliest ancestors of the Kyrgyz assumed to be Turkic peoples in the northeastern part of the present Mongolia. Since then, these tribes to southern Siberia and settled along the Yenisei from the sixth century to the 8th century. They spread to Tuva and remained there until the Mongols began to stir in the 13th century, when the Kyrgyz migrated south.
In the 12th century, Islam became the dominant religion. Most Kyrgyz are Sunni Muslims of Hanafi direction.
During the 15th and 16 century struck Kyrgyz settled in the current Kyrgyzstan. The southern region came under the Kokand Khan in the early 19th century, but it was later annexed by the Russian Empire in 1876. There followed numerous revolts against tsarist rule, and many Kyrgyz contorted to the Pamir mountains in Afghanistan. In 1916 introduced conscription in the Russian army, which led a rebellion in Central Asia who were killed on the relentless way, and many Kyrgyz fled to China.
Soviet rule was established in 1918 and in 1924 became the Kara-Kyrgyz autonomous region created within the Russian Soviet republic. The concept of kara-Kirghiz was used until the mid-1920s to separate them from the Kazakhs, also referred to as Kirghiz. In 1926 the autonomous territory of the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1936, the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic a full member of the USSR.
19. August 1991 was an attempt to dome President Askar Akajev in Kyrgyzstan. After the coup failed, reported Akajev and Vice Germantown Kusnetsov out of the CPSU, and the whole lot police bureau and secretariat resigned. After a vote declaring independence Kyrgyzstan 31st August 1991. Kyrgyz was made the official language from September 1991. In October 1991 Asked Akajev up for president unopposed and got 95% of the votes.
In December 2001, the Russian also an official language.
In connection with the war in Afghanistan created a U.S. air base at Manas in 2001. In 2009, the Kyrgyz president, Kurmanbek Bakiyev, he would close the base. This announcement came after assurances from Russia on financial aid
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