Iceland
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Iceland (Icelandic: Ísland) is a country situated in the northern Atlantic Ocean between Greenland and Great Britain, northwest of the Faroe Islands.
By 2009 Iceland had a population of 325,000. Its capital is Reykjavík and the main provincial towns Hafnarfjordur, Keflavik and Akureyri.
Due to its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is very volcanic and geothermal activity in Iceland. The central parts of Iceland consists of a plateau characterized by desert, mountains and glaciers, and many big glacial rivers flowing towards the sea. Due. the warm Gulf Stream, Iceland enjoys a relatively mild climate, its very northern location considered.
About 10% of Iceland’s ice sheet. The coastline is 4,970 km long with numerous fjords, where most cities are situated.
History of Iceland
Iceland has been inhabited for approx. since 874, when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfur Arnarson according Landnamabook became the first permanent settler. Others had visited the island earlier and had overwintered. Over the next centuries, people settled by Nordic and Gaelic origin in Iceland. Iceland was from 1262 to 1944 of the first Norway and later Denmark. In the 20th century, Iceland’s economy and welfare system developed explosively, and it was a short time one of the richest and most developed in the world with a very expansionary policy and risky investments, but the economic crisis in 2008 sent the country on economic rollercoaster. In February 2009 was 8.2 percent of the workforce without jobs.
Iceland’s early history is better documented than the other Nordic countries’ history. From the very first time you have knowledge of individual people, their names and family relationships with precise dates. Among the oldest known books that were written in Iceland are the sagas that tell of its history. There are few countries which has such a rich documentation of their early history as Iceland.
Iceland was colonized by Norwegian-Irish and Norwegian refugees in the late 9th century through the 10th century. Iceland’s parliament, the Althing, is one of the world’s oldest parliaments. Althing in Iceland was founded in 930, 30 years after the formation of the Faroese Prime Minister, who is believed to be the world’s oldest parliament, which originally also bore the name of Everything. Parliament imposed a 999 eller1000 [1] by adopting Christianity as the official country’s official religion.
Iceland remained independent for over 300 years and was subsequently ruled by Norway and Denmark. Limited home rule was introduced in 1874 and independence followed in 1918. The Danish king remained the formal head of state until 1944 when Iceland became a republic. In 1952 Iceland was co-founded the Nordic Council.
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