Bolivia
Bolivia is a country in South America bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina in the south, and Chile and Peru in the west.
History
Independence from Spain was declared in 1809 but there followed 16 years of struggle before the republic could be proclaimed on 6 August 1825 (see Bolivian War of Independence).
Under President Mariscal Andres de Santa Cruz, Bolivia experienced the most prosperous period in its history with great social and economic progress. Different wars against its neighbors fought with successful outcome. The turning point came perhaps Paucarpata where a confederation of armies from Peru and Bolivia defeated Chilean and Peruvian rebels. After the victory was signed a peace agreement in particular allowed the vanquished to return to Chile with all their weapons intact. Later they returned with the very same weapons and defeated Confederacy. After this defeat was the next 60 years in Bolivian history, marked by coups and short-lived constitutions. Bolivia’s weakness was exposed in Salpeter War (1879-83), which Bolivia lost its rich nitrate fields and the port of Antofagasta and access to the sea to Chile. Since independence, Bolivia has lost over half its territory to neighboring countries due to wars. See Peace in Petrópolis in 1903 and the Chaco War (1932-35).
Bosnia And Herzegovina & Bhutan
